What are the environmental impacts of R-12?

The choice indicating that R-12 contributes to ozone layer depletion is correct because R-12, also known as dichlorodifluoromethane, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). CFCs are known for their ability to break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere, which serves as a protective layer against harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. When released into the atmosphere, R-12 can eventually reach the stratosphere, where ultraviolet light breaks it down, releasing chlorine atoms. These chlorine atoms can destroy ozone molecules, leading to significant depletion of the ozone layer and associated environmental concerns, such as increased UV radiation exposure that can harm both human health and ecosystems.

In contrast, while R-12 does indeed provide effective cooling in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, its benefits in cooling are overshadowed by its environmental drawbacks. It is not harmless to the environment; rather, its use is linked with detrimental impacts on global ecological health. Furthermore, R-12 does not improve air quality; instead, it contributes to pollution and atmospheric changes that can adversely affect air quality as well as climate change.